Now available: This Is Server CountryGet the book
What You're Noticing

Why Are They Cutting Down Trees?

That cleared corridor through the forest is likely a new transmission line right-of-way. Data center demand is driving unprecedented grid expansion. Learn what you're seeing and what rights you have.

7 min read

Key Takeaways

  • 1 Cleared corridors 50-600 feet wide are transmission line rights-of-way
  • 2 Data center demand is driving the largest grid expansion in decades
  • 3 Landowners have rights to fair compensation, but utilities can ultimately use eminent domain
  • 4 You don't have to sign anything immediately—take time to understand your options

What You're Seeing

You're driving a familiar road when you notice it: a wide swath of stumps where forest once stood, stretching over the hill and out of sight. Colored survey flags flutter in the breeze. The cleared path is unnervingly straight, carving through the landscape with industrial precision.

You're looking at a transmission line right-of-way. These corridors are cleared of all trees and maintained that way permanently. The towers that will rise here can reach heights visible from miles away. This isn't a temporary construction disturbance. It's a permanent change to the landscape.

50–600 ft
Corridor Width
Cleared permanently
200 ft
Tower Height
Visible for miles

If the clearing runs near or through your property, you may have already received a letter, a phone call, or a visit from a land agent. If not, you probably will soon.

Why Transmission Lines Are Expanding

The simple answer: electricity demand is surging, and the existing grid cannot keep up. For decades, American electricity consumption was essentially flat. That changed around 2022.

The primary driver is data centers, particularly those built for AI. These facilities require enormous amounts of power—a single large AI data center can consume as much electricity as a small city.

Demand Surge Virginia Case Study
+183%
Energy Demand Increase
2040
Projection Year
#1
Driver: Data Centers

But power doesn't flow through thin air. It travels on transmission lines. And the United States hasn't built significant new transmission capacity in decades. Now, utilities are scrambling to catch up, proposing new high-voltage lines across the country. That corridor through the forest is part of this buildout.

The Data Center Connection

The logic chain is straightforward. Here's how AI demand leads to cleared corridors:

1
AI requires computation Training and running AI models demands specialized hardware running constantly
2
Computation requires power A single AI chip draws 700 watts. Facilities have 50,000+ chips plus cooling
3
Power requires transmission Gigawatt-scale loads need direct high-voltage connections
4
Transmission requires corridors New lines mean clearing trees, crossing properties, altering landscapes
When a tech company announces a $10 billion data center, the headlines focus on jobs and investment. What they don't mention is the hundreds of miles of new transmission lines required to power it—lines that will cross farms, forests, and backyards far from the data center itself.

Your Rights as a Landowner

If your property lies in a proposed transmission corridor, you have rights. But you also face realities.

Fair Compensation

Utilities must pay for easement rights. "Just compensation" should include both the value of the rights acquired and damages to your remaining property.

3–7% Typical property value reduction from transmission lines

Don't Sign Immediately

Land agents sometimes use high-pressure tactics, implying you have no choice. This is misleading. Take time to understand the offer, consult an attorney, and get an independent appraisal.

Eminent Domain Reality

If negotiations fail, utilities can ultimately condemn easements through legal proceedings. You'll still receive compensation, but you lose negotiating leverage. Engage thoughtfully—refusal alone won't stop the project.

What You Can Do

Understanding your options is the first step. Here are concrete actions you can take:

  1. Don't sign anything immediately You're not required to grant access or agree to terms on the spot. Request everything in writing.
  2. Consult an eminent domain attorney Many offer free initial consultations. They can assess whether the utility's offer is fair.
  3. Get an independent appraisal Utility appraisers often underestimate damages. An independent appraisal establishes the true impact on your property.
  4. Attend public hearings Transmission projects require permits. Your testimony becomes part of the official record and can influence route selection.

Go Deeper

This article provides an overview of transmission line expansion and its connection to data center demand. For detailed case studies of specific projects, the regulatory framework governing transmission siting, and analysis of community resistance efforts, see Chapters 5 and 6 of This Is Server Country.

Learn more about the book